A Stack Implemented as an array in C++


Header file for a list class
//---------------------------------------------------------------
// File: Code121_Stack.h
// Purpose: Header file for a demonstration of a stack implemented 
//		as an array.  Data type: Character
// Programming Language: C++
// Author: Dr. Rick Coleman
//---------------------------------------------------------------
#ifndef CODE121_STACK_H
#define CODE121_STACK_H

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

#define MAX_SIZE 50                    // Define maximum length of the stack

class Code121_Stack
{
	private:
		int top;                  // Index to top of the stack
		char theStack[MAX_SIZE];  // The stack

	public:
		Code121_Stack();         // Class constructor
		~Code121_Stack();        // Class destuctor
		void ClearStack();       // Remove all items from the stack
		bool Push(char ch);      // Push an item onto the stack
		char Pop();              // Pop an item from the stack
		bool isEmpty();          // Return true if stack is empty
		bool isFull();           // Return true if stack is full
};

#endif // End of stack header

Implementation (.cpp) file for a stack class
//---------------------------------------------------------------
// File: Code121_Stack.cpp
// Purpose: Implementation file for a demonstration of a stack  
//		implemented as an array.    Data type: Character
// Programming Language: C++
// Author: Dr. Rick Coleman
// Date: January 21, 2002
//---------------------------------------------------------------
#include "Code121_Stack.h"


//--------------------------------------------
// Function: Code121_Stack()
// Purpose: Class constructor
// Returns: void
//--------------------------------------------
Code121_Stack::Code121_Stack()
{
	top = -1;
}

//--------------------------------------------
// Function: Code121_Stack()
// Purpose: Class destructor
// Returns: void
//--------------------------------------------
Code121_Stack::~Code121_Stack()
{
	// Nothing to do here since the memory used
	// for the stack is freed automatically.
}

//--------------------------------------------
// Function: ClearStack()
// Purpose: Remove all items from the stack
// Returns: void
//--------------------------------------------
void Code121_Stack::ClearStack()
{
	top = -1; // Reset count to start over
}

//--------------------------------------------
// Function: Push()
// Purpose: Push an item onto the stack.
// Returns: true if push was successful
//		or false if the push failed.
//--------------------------------------------
bool Code121_Stack::Push(char ch)
{
	// Check to see if the stack if full
	if(isFull()) return false;

	// Increment head index
	top++;
	// Add the item to the stack
	theStack[top] = ch;
	return true;
}

//--------------------------------------------
// Function: Pop()
// Purpose: Pop an item from the Stack.
// Returns: true if pop was successful
//		or false if the pop failed.
//--------------------------------------------
char Code121_Stack::Pop()
{
	char ch;

	// Check for empty Stack
	if(isEmpty()) return '\0'; // Return null character if stack is empty
	else
	{
		ch = theStack[top]; // Get character to return
		top--;              // Decrement top index
		return ch;          // Return popped character
	}
}

//--------------------------------------------
// Function: isEmpty()
// Purpose: Return true if the stack is empty
// Returns: true if empty, otherwise false
//--------------------------------------------
bool Code121_Stack::isEmpty()
{
	return (top == -1);
}

//--------------------------------------------
// Function: isFull()
// Purpose: Return true if the stack is full
// Returns: true if full, otherwise false
//--------------------------------------------
bool Code121_Stack::isFull()
{
	return (top >= MAX_SIZE);
}

Main file used to test the stack
//---------------------------------------------------------------
// File: StackMain.cpp
// Purpose: Main file with tests for a demonstration of an unsorted  
//		stack implemented as an array.
// Programming Language: C++
// Author: Dr. Rick Coleman
// Date: January 21, 2002
//---------------------------------------------------------------
#include "Code121_Stack.h"

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
	char	testString[MAX_SIZE + 1];
	int	i;
	char	ch;
	Code121_Stack *theStack;


	cout << "Simple Stack Demonstration\n";
	cout << "(Stack implemented as an Array - Stack data type is character.)\n\n";
	cout << "Creating a stack\n";

	theStack = new Code121_Stack(); // Instantiate a stack object

	cout << "Stack created...\n";

	// Test pushing and popping first/last item on a stack
	cout << "Testing push and pop of single item.\n";
	theStack->Push('A');
	cout << "Popped: " << theStack->Pop() << "\n";
	cout << "...done\n\n";

	// Test stack by reversing the order of letters in a string
	cout << "Enter a string to be reversed (50 characters max)";
	// Use get() so we can input spaces
	cin.get(testString,50); // Assume user is smart enought to not exceed the limit

	// Push all letters on the stack
	i = 0;
	while(testString[i] != '\0')
	{
		theStack->Push(testString[i]);
		i++;
	}

	// Pop letters and print in reverse
	cout << "Your string printed in reverse is...\n";
	while((ch = theStack->Pop()) != '\0') // Pop returns null terminator when stack is empty
		cout << ch;

	cout << "\n\n...done.\n";
	return 0;
}